Type 1 diabetes is a lifelong condition that occurs when proper amount of insulin is not produced which results in high glucose level in body. The sugar and starch that a person eat is broken down into glucose by the body which is then used as energy. The body needs insulin to get glucose into the cells of the body from the bloodstream. The cells making insulin are attacked and destroyed by the body, causes type1 diabetes. The rising prevalence is one of the major factors that contribute significantly in the growth of global type 1 diabetes market. As per American Diabetes Association in 2015, 9.4% of the population in the America that is 30.3 million people had diabetes. Out of these, the number of children and adults with type 1 diabetes was 1.25 million. 


Some of the other factors attributing to the growth of the market are increasing government initiatives and rising demand for non-invasive monitoring device. The minimally invasive device as well as non-invasive monitoring devices has brought a revolutionary change in the type 1 diabetes market. The demand for such non-invasive devices have surged up that has significant effect in the growth of the market. The non-invasive glucose monitoring devices measures the blood glucose levels without puncturing the skin, without drawing blood or causing pain/trauma. In the current scenario, people with diabetes are more inclined towards adapting less invasive and non-invasive medical devices due to the qualitative features of these devices in comparison to invasive devices that usually draws blood for the diagnosis of glucose levels in the blood. However, there are factors such as high cost of the diagnosis and treatment therapies for the diabetes that hamper the growth of the global type 1 diabetes market

Type1 diabetes is diagnosed usually in children and adults and it was previously known as juvenile diabetes. Diabetes is caused mainly by the failure of body in producing enough amount of insulin. Type 1 diabetes occurs when immune system of a person destroys the beta cells that are present in pancreas. These cells are responsible for making insulin in the body which if destroyed by the immune system cause type 1 diabetes. If a person is suffering from type 1 diabetes, the diabetic might wonder if the child acquires it too. Genes definitely play a role in type 1 diabetes. This kind of diabetes is often diagnosed in young adults and children and is a less common form. There is no diabetes gene exists that gets turned on or off to give type 1 diabetes to a person. Rather, a bunch of them play a major role in doing so. These genes are called HLA (human leukocyte antigen) genes. These genes make up the proteins that are used by the immune system to keep one healthy. 

The body of a person destroys the cells that make insulin as type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease. These genes are present in thousands of versions in the gene pool of human. The gene one gets from parents affect the possibility of diabetes in a big way. Some of the genes makes a person more likely to acquire type 1 diabetes while some of the genes can help protect from the same. Certain genes are more common in one group of people than in other. This is the reason why ethnicity and race affect things too. As an instance, white people are more prone to have type 1 diabetes than others. However, even if a person possesses a gene making the person more likely to have type 1 diabetes, this does not mean that the person will definitely get the disease. Even in case of identical twins with same exact genes- one gets the disease while the other does not. That’s where the environment comes into play. This is how different genes affect the possibility of having type 1 diabetes.




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Anurag Tiwari

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